V. I.   Lenin

NOTEBOOK “γ”

(“GAMMA”)

 

MORRIS, THE HISTORY OF COLONISATION

Henry C. Morris, The History of Colonisation, New York, 1900, 2 vols.
A historical survey from the most ancient times until 1899.
Interesting statistical summaries.

 
Modern Development of French Colonial Power (p. 419. I)
1815–30 1860 1880 1890 1899
Asia 197 197 69,147 201,000 363,027
Africa 1,034 185,650 624,624 2,128,814 3,320,488
America 16,000 48,011 48,011 48,043 48,011
Oceania – 8,000 8,565 9,135 9,220
(Area in sq. miles). 17,231 241,858 750,347 2,386,992 3,740,746
1815–30 1860 1880 1890 1899
Asia 179,000 221,507 3,333,500 18,000,000 22,679,100
Africa 95,000 2,800,000 3,702,482 16,800,000 33,257,010
America 225,000 300,000 391,084 372,805 383,750
Oceania – 50,000 93,831 72,300 82,000
Population) 499,000 3,371,507 7,520,897 35,245,105 56,401,860
Idem of British (II, 88)
1815 1860 1880 1890–91 1899
Europe 1,163 127 119 119
Asia 875,797 963,384 1,827,228 1,827,579
Africa 129,976 278,446 341,858 367,928
America 954,170 3,359,243 3,768,818 3,952,572
Australasia 580,134 3,083,770 3,175,153 3,175,840
(Area in sq.
miles) 		2,541,240 7,684,970 9,113,176 9,324,038
Europe 340,000 386,557 175,186 191,417 204,421
Asia 124,200,000 137,279,105 256,148,625 288,436,340 291,586,688
Africa 243,500 835,650 2,717,816 4,963,062 4,931,780
America 1,599,850 4,226,744 6,016,077 6,708,042 7,260,169
Australasia 25,050 2,401,024 2,877,440 4,416,843 5,009,281
Population) 126,408,400 145,129,080 267,935,144 304,715,704 308,992,339

The author gives the following table, II, 318, taking the figures from The Statesman’s Year-Book for 1900.

Area (sq. miles) Population
No. of colonies Metropolis Colonies,
etc. 		Metropolis Colonies,
etc.
United Kingdom 50 120,979 11,605,238 40,559,954 345,222,339
France 33 204,092 3,740,756 38,517,975 56,401,860
Germany 13 208,830 1,027,120 52,279,901 14,687,000
Netherlands 3 12,648 782,862 5,074,632 35,115,711
Portugal 9 36,038 801,100 5,049,729 9,148,707
Spain 3 197,670 243,877 17,565,632 136,000
Italy 2 110,646 188,500 31,856,675 850,000
Austria-Hungary 2 241,032 23,570 41,244,811 1,568,092
Denmark 3 15,289 86,634 2,185,335 114,229
(x) Russia 3 8,660,395 255,550 128,932,173 15,684,000
Turkey 4 1,111,741 465,000 23,834,500 14,956,236
China 5 1,336,841 2,881,560 386,000,000 16,680,000
U.S.A. 6 3,557,000 172,091 77,000,000 10,544,617
Total . . . . 136 15,813,201 22,273,858 850,103,317[1] 521,108,791

__ __ (x)In Austria—Bosnia and Herzegovina.—In   Turkey—Egypt, Bulgaria (and Rumelia) and Samos. In China—Manchuria, Mongolia, Tibet, “Jungaria” and Eastern Turkestan.—In Russia—Bukhara 92,000 sq. miles, Khiva 22,300 sq. miles: ? + ? Port Arthur, etc.??

|| Not clear from the text (pp. 291–92), the references are mostly to The Statesman’s Year-Book. __ __

My calculations[2]

Great Britain France Germany All three ΣΣ
Area
(mill. sq.
miles) 		Popula-
tion
(mill.)
1815–30 ? 126 0.01 0.5
1860 2.5 145.1 0.2 3.4 – – 2.7 148.5
1880 7.7 267.9 0.7 7.5 – – 8.4 275.4
1890 9.1 304.7 2.4 35.2 1.0 14.5 12.5 354.4
1899 9.3 309.0 3.7 56.4 1.0 14.7 14.0 380.1
Maximum
(1890 to be deleted) 		1860–80 1880–90 1880–90 1860–80
 
Growth of French colonies (from The Statesman’s Year-Book for 1900), I, 420.
Year of
acquisition 		Area,
sq. miles 		Population
Asia
India 1679 197 279,100
Annam 1884 88,780 5,000,000
Cambodia 1862 40,530 1,500,000
Cochin-China 1861 23,160 2,400,000
Tonking (+Laos) 1884–93 210,370 13,500,000
Total 363,027[3] 22,679,100
Africa
Algeria 1830 184,474 4,430,000
Algerian Sahara 123,500 50,000
Tunisia 1881 50,840 1,500,000
Sahara Region 1,684,000 2,500,000
Senegal 1637 120,000 2,000,000
Sudan 1880 300,000 2,500,000
Ivory Coast, etc. 1843 100,000 2,500,000
Dahomey 1893 50,000 1,000,000
Congo and Gabon 1884 425,000 12,000,000
French Guinea 1843 48,000 1,000,000
Obok & Somali Coast 1864 5,000 22,000
Réunion 1649 970 173,200
Comoro Isles 1886 620 53,000
Mayotte 1843 140 11,640
Nossi-Be 1841 130 9,500
Sainte-Marie 1643 64 7,670
Madagascar 1896 227,750 3,500,000
3,320,488* 33,257,010
America
Guiana 1626 46,850 22,710
Guadeloupe & Dependencies 1634 688 167,100
Martinique 1635 380 187,690
St. Pierre & Miquelon 1635 93 6,250
48,011 383,750
Oceania
New Caledonia & Dependencies 1854 7,700 53,000
Other French establishments 1841-81 1,520 29,000
9,220 82,000
__ __ __ __
ΣΣ=3,740,756[4] 56,401,860
 
German Colonies, II. 304
Area, sq. miles Population
Oceania
Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land 1885–86 70,000 110,000
Bismarck Archipelago 1885 20,000 188,000
Solomon Islands 1886 4,200 45,000
Marshall ” 1886 150 13,000
Caroline ” 1899 {{3 560 40,000
Marianne ” 1899 {{3 250 2,000
Samoan ” {{3
Savali 1899 {{3 660 12,500
Upolu 1899 340 16,600
96,160 427,100
China
Kiao-chow 1897 200 60,000
Africa
Togoland 1884 33,000 2,500,000
Cameroons 1884 191,130 3,500,000
German Southwest Africa 1884–90 322,450 200,000
German East Africa 1885–90 384,180 8,000,000
930,760 14,200,000
__ __ __ __
ΣΣ=1,027,120 14,687,100
My calculations: Ergo:
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
(1880–90) 94,350 356,000 || 1860— 0 — 0
930,760 14,200,000 1880— 0 — 0
1,025,110 14,556,000 1890— 1,025,110 14,556,000
(1890–99) 1,810 71,100
200 60,000
2,010 131,000
1,027,120 14,687,100 1899— 1,027,120 14,687,100
 
British Colonies, II. 88
Area sq. miles Population
India
British India 1601-1856 1,068,314 221,172,952
Feudatory States 731,944 66,050,479
1,800,258 287,223,431
Europe
Gibraltar 1704 2 24,093
Malta & Gozo 1800 117 180,328
Asia
Aden & Perim 1839 80 41,910
Ceylon 1795 25,333 3,448,752
Hong Kong 1842 406 354,400
Labuan 1846 30 5,853
Straits Settlements 1819 1,471 512,342
Africa
Ascension 1815 35 430
Basutoland 1868-83 10,293 250,000
Cape Colony 1806 276,775 1,787,960
Mauritius 1810 705 337,856
Natal & Zululand 1824 35,019 902,365
St. Helena 1651 47 4,545
West Africa
Gambia 1631 69 14,300
Gold Coast 1661 40,000 1,473,882
Lagos 1787 985 85,607
Sierra Leone 1789 4,000 74,835
America
Bermudas 1609 20 16,291
Canada 1763 3,653,946 5,185,990
Falkland Islands & St.
George 		1833 7,500 2,050
British Guiana 1803 109,000 286,222
” Honduras 1670 7,562 34,747
Newfoundland & Labrador 1497 162,200 202,040
West Indies
Bahamas 1629 4,466 53,256
Jamaica & Turks Islands 1655 4,359 733,118
Barbados 1605 166 190,000
Leeward Islands 17th century 701 127,800
Windward ” ” ” 784 155,000
Trinidad & Tobago 1763-97 1,868 273,655
Australasia
Fiji 1874 7,740 121,738
New Guinea 1884 90,540 350,000
New South Wales 1788 310,700 1,357,050
New Zealand 1840 104,470 796,387
Queensland 1859 668,500 498,523
South Australia 1836 903,690 362,897
Tasmania 1803 29,390 171,340
West Australia 1829 975,920 168,490
__ __
Total colonies 7,523,780[5] 21,768,908[6]
Total India plus colonies 9,324,038 308,992,339

{The “history” itself, it seems, is a dry enumeration of facts.}

Notes

[1] So given by Morris.—Ed.

[2] See present edition, Vol. 22, p. 255.—Ed.

[3] So given by Morris.—Ed.

[4] So given by Morris.— Ed.

[5] So given by Morris. Under the heading “Australasia”, Lenin has omitted the data on Victoria: area 87,890 sq. miles and population 1,176,854.—Ed.

[6] [DUPLICATE "*" ... see above footnote for "7,523,780".] —Lenin

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