Marx & Engels Collected Works: Volume 36

Volume 36

Karl Marx
CAPITAL, Volume II


Preface to the First German Edition (Engels)5
Preface to the Second German Edition (Engels)24

Book II: The Process of Circulation of Capital

Part I: The Metamorphoses of Capital and their Circuits
Chapter I The Circuit of Money Capital31

I. First Stage. M-C

32

II. Second Stage. Function of Productive Capital

40

III. Third Stage. C'-M'

44

IV. The Circuit as a Whole

54
Chapter II The Circuit of Productive Capital70

I Simple Reproduction

71

II Accumulation and Reproduction on an Extended Scale

84

III Accumulation of Money

89

IV Reserve Fund

91
Chapter III The Circuit of Commodity Capital92
Chapter IV The Three Formulas of the Circuit105

Natural Money and Credit Economy

112

The Meeting of Demand and Supply

122
Chapter V The Time of Circulation125
Chapter VI The Costs of Circulation133

I. Genuine Costs of Circulation

133

1. The Time of Purchase and Sale

133

2. Bookkeeping

137

3. Money

139

II. Costs of Storage

140

1. Formation of Supply in General

146

2. The Commodity Supply Proper

147

III. Costs of Transportation

152
PART II: The Turnover of Capital
Chapter VII The Turnover Time and the Number of Turnovers156
Chapter VIII Fixed Capital and Circulating Capital159

I. Distinctions of Form

159

II. Components, Replacement, Repair, and Accumulation of Fixed Capital

172
Chapter IX The Aggregate Turnover of Advanced Capital. Cycles of Turnover185
Chapter X Theories of Fixed and Circulating Capital. The Physiocrats and Adam Smith190
Chapter XI Theories of Fixed and Circulating Capital. Ricardo217
Chapter XII The Working Period230
Chapter XIII The Time of Production239
Chapter XIV The Time of Circulation249
Chapter XV Effect of the Time of Turnover on the Magnitude of Advanced Capital257

I The Working Period Equal to the Circulation Period

266

II. The Working Period Greater Than the Period of Circulation

270

III. The Working Period Smaller Than the Circulation Period

275

IV. Conclusions

279

V. The Effect of a Change of Prices

285
Chapter XVI The Turnover of Variable Capital293

I. The Annual Rate of Surplus Value

293

II. The Turnover of the Individual Variable Capital

307

III. The Turnover of the Variable Capital from the Social Point of View

312
Chapter XVII The Circulation of Surplus Value318

I. Simple Reproduction

322

II. Accumulation and Reproduction on an Extended Scale

342
Part III: The Reproduction and Circulation of The Aggregate Social Capital
Chapter XVIII. Introduction349

I. The Subject Investigated

349

II. The Role of Money Capital

352
Chapter XIX Former Presentations of the Subject357

I. The Physiocrats

357

II. Adam Smith

360

1. Smith's General Points of View

360

2. Adam Smith Resolves Exchange Value into v + s

368

3. The Constant Part of Capital

371

4. Capital and Revenue in Adam Smith

376

5. Recapitulation

383

III. Later Economists

388
Chapter XX. Simple Reproduction390

I. The Formulation of the Question

390

II. The Two Departments of Social Production

394

III. Exchange Between the Two Departments I(v+s) versus IIc

397

IV. Exchange Within Department 11. Necessities of Life and Articles of Luxury

401

V. The Mediation of Exchange by the Circulation of Money

410

VI. The Constant Capital of Department I

420

VII. Variable Capital and Surplus Value in Both Departments

424

VIII. The Constant Capital in Both Departments

427

IX. A Retrospect to Adam Smith, Storch, and Ramsay

432

X. Capital and Revenue: Variable Capital and Wages

436

XI. Replacement of the Fixed Capital

448

1. Replacement of the Wear and Tear Portion of the Value in the Form of Money

452

2. Replacement of Fixed Capital in Natura

457

3. Results

466

XII. The Reproduction of the Money Material

469

XIII. Destutt de Tracy's Theory of Reproduction

480
Chapter XXI. Accumulation and Reproduction on an Extended Scale488

I. Accumulation in Department I

491

1. The Formation of a Hoard

491

2. The Additional Constant Capital

495

3. The Additional Variable Capital

501

II. Accumulation in Department II

501

III. Schematic Presentation of Accumulation

506

1. First Illustration

510

2. Second Illustration

514

3. Replacement of IIc in Accumulation

520

IV. Supplementary Remarks

522

 

Notes and Indexes

Notes527
Name Index535
Index of Quoted and Mentioned Literature539
Index of Periodicals546

 

Illustrations

Title page of the First German Edition of Volume II of Capital3
Title page of the Second German Edition of Volume II of Capital 26
Facsimile-of a page of the manuscript of Capital Volume II, by Karl Marx 55
Facsimile of a page of the manuscript of Capital, Volume II, edited and copied by Frederick Engels 59