SOURCES FOR RESOLUTIONS

Below is a listing of the sources used for each resolution in the three official languages of the Second International. IISG refers to the Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis (International Institute of Social History), repository of the Second International Archives.

1. PARIS CONGRESS OF 1889

Official proceedings for this congress were published in German only: Protokoll des Internationalen Arbeiter-Congresses zu Paris. Abgehalten vom 14. bis 20. Juli 1889 (Nürnberg: Druck und Verlag von Worlein & Comp., 1890), hereafter Protokoll 1889. Most resolutions were published in French in Congres International ouvrier socialiste de Paris (Paris: Imprimerie de la Presse, 1889), hereafter CIOSP. For the specific resolutions:

Unity of the Socialist Movement and International Congresses

In German, Protokoll 1889, p. 16. For this book, translated from the German.

International Labor Protection Legislation

In French, CIOSP, pp. 18–19. In German, Protokoll 1889, pp. 121–22. For this book, translated from the French.

Ways and Means for Winning Demands for Worker Protection

In French, CIOSP, pp.19–20 and 21. In German, Protokoll 1889, pp. 120–21. For this book, translated from the French.

International Demonstration on May 1, 1890

In English, Monthly Labor Review 9, no. 2, August 1919, p. 47. In French, CIOSP, pp. 20–21. In German, Protokoll 1889, p. 123.

Abolition of Standing Armies / General Arming of the Population

In English, Bulletin Périodique du Bureau Socialiste International, no. 9, p. 3, n.d. In French, CIOSP, pp. 21–22. In German, Protokoll 1889, pp. 119–20.

Political and Economic Action

In French, CIOSP, p. 23. In German, Protokoll 1889, pp. 124–25. The original English text has not been located. For this book, translated from the French.

2. BRUSSELS CONGRESS OF 1891

Official proceedings: In French, Congrès international ouvrier socialiste tenu à Bruxelles du 16 au 23 août 1891 (Brussels: Imprimerie Désiré Brismée, 1893), hereafter Compte rendu 1891. In German, Verhandlungen und Beschlüsse des Internationalen Arbeiter-Kongresses zu Brüssel (Berlin: Verlag der Expédition des “Vorwärts,” Berliner Volksblatt, 1893), hereafter Protokoll 1891. For the specific resolutions:

Conditions of Admission to the Congress

In German, Protokoll 1891, p. 5. In French, Compte rendu 1891, p. 14. For this book, translated from the German.

Labor Legislation

In English, The Times (London), “Socialist Labour Congress in Brussels,” August 20, 1891. In French, Compte rendu 1891, pp. 39–40. In German, Protokoll 1891, pp. 8–9.

Working-Class Organization and Action

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1891, pp. 60–61. In German, Protokoll 1891, pp. 23–24.

Piecework

In French, Compte rendu 1891, pp. 81–82. In German, Protokoll 1891, pp. 31–32. For this book, translated from the French.

International First of May Demonstrations

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1891, p. 89. In German, Protokoll 1891, p. 33.

Women’s Equality

In English, The Times (London), August 24, 1891. Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1891, p. 85. In German, Protokoll 1891, p. 32.

The Jewish Question

In French, Compte rendu 1891, pp. 43–44. In German, Protokoll 1891, p. 16. For this book, translated from the French.

Militarism

In English, Bulletin Périodique du Bureau Socialiste International, no. 9, p. 4, n.d. In French, Compte rendu 1891, pp. 64–65. In German, Protokoll 1891, p. 26.

Motion on Maritime Workers

In French, Compte rendu 1891, p. 93. For this book, translated from the French.

3. ZURICH CONGRESS OF 1893

Official proceedings: Protokoll des Internationalen Sozialistischen Arbeiterkongresses in der Tonhalle Zürich vom 6. bis 12. August 1893 (Zurich: Buchhandlung des Schweiz, Grütlivereins, 1894), hereafter Protokoll 1893. For the specific resolutions:

Conditions of Admission to the Congress

In English, Full Report of the Proceedings of the International Workers’ Congress, London, July and August 1896 (London, “The Labour Leader,” n.d.), p. 7. In German, Protokoll 1893, pp. 5, 6.

The Eight-Hour Day

In German, Protokoll 1893, p 19. For this book, translated from the German.

Political Action

In German, Protokoll 1893, pp. 40–41. For this book, translated from the German.

The Agrarian Question

In English and French, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1893, pp. 48.

National and International Organization of Trade Unions

In English and French Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1893, p. 49–50.

Common Action with Regard to First of May Demonstration

In English and French, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1893, pp. 35–36.

Protective Legislation for Working Women

In English and French, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1893, pp. 36–37.

Social Democracy in the Event of War

In English and French, Bulletin Périodique du Bureau Socialiste International, no. 9, p. 4, n.d. In German, Protokoll 1893, p. 20.

International Organization of Social Democracy

In English and French, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1893, p. 54.

The General Strike

In English and French, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1893, pp. 53–54.

Universal Suffrage

In German, Protokoll 1893, p. 52. For this book, translated from the German.

Solidarity with British Miners

In German, Protokoll 1893, p. 12. For this book, translated from the German.

Motion on French and Siamese Crisis

In German, Protokoll 1893, p. 13. For this book, translated from the German.

4. LONDON CONGRESS OF 1896

Official proceedings: In English, International Socialist Workers and Trade Union Congress. London 1896 (London: Twentieth Century Press Limited, n.d.), hereafter ISWTUC 1896. In German, Verhandlungen und Beschlüsse des Internationalen Sozialistischen Arbeiter- und Gewerkschafts-Kongresses zu London vom 27. July bis 1. August 1896 (Berlin: Verlag der Expedition der Buchhandlung Vorwärts, 1896), hereafter Protokoll 1896. In French, some of the material is found in Congrès international socialiste des travailleurs et des chambres syndicales ouvrières: Londres 26 juillet–2 août 1896 (Geneva: Minkoff Reprint, 1980). For the specific resolutions:

The Agrarian Question

In English, ISWTUC 1896, pp. 25–26. In German, Protokoll 1896, pp. 13–14. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

Political Action

In English, ISWTUC 1896, pp. 30–31. In German, Protokoll 1896, pp. 17–18. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

Education and Physical Development

In English, ISWTUC 1896, pp. 35–36. In German, Protokoll 1896, pp. 20–22. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

International Organization

In English, ISWTUC 1896, pp. 40–41. In German, Protokoll 1896, pp. 23–24. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

War and Militarism

In English, ISWTUC 1896, pp. 41–42. In German, Protokoll 1896, p. 24. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

The Economic and Industrial Question

In English, ISWTUC 1896, pp. 46–48. In German, Protokoll 1896, pp. 27–29. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

Miscellaneous Resolutions

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 51. In German, Protokoll 1896, p. 30. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

The Next Congress

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 52. In German, Protokoll 1896, p. 30. In French, Second International Archives, IISG.

Solidarity with Socialist Mayor of Lille

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 25. In German, Protokoll 1896, p. 13.

Protest against Antilabor Ruling

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 29. In German, Protokoll 1896, p. 16.

The Fight against Russian Tsarism

In English, ISWTUC 1896, pp. 29–30. In German, Protokoll 1896, pp. 16–17.

Greetings to Bulgarian Social Democrats

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 45. In German, Protokoll 1896, p. 26.

Violence against Immigrant Workers

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 45. In German, Protokoll 1896, p. 26.

Remembrance of First International

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 45.

Solidarity with Cuba, Crete, and Macedonia

In English, ISWTUC 1896, p. 51.

5. PARIS CONGRESS OF 1900

Official proceedings: In French, Cinquième congrès socialiste international tenu à Paris du 23 au 27 Septembre 1900 (Paris, Soci.t. Nouvelle de Librairie et d’Édition, 1901), hereafter Compte rendu 1900. In German, Internationaler Sozialisten-Kongress zu Paris, 23. bis 27. September 1900 (Berlin: Verlag der Expedition der Buchhandlung Vorwärts, 1900), hereafter Protokoll 1900. For the specific resolutions:

International Organization

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, pp. 338–39. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 101–2. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 10.

Workday Limits and Minimum Wage

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, p. 339. In French, Compte rendu 1900, p. 103. In German, Protokoll 1900, pp. 13–14.

Emancipation of Labor and Expropriation of the Bourgeoisie

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, pp. 339–40. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 104–5. In German, Protokoll 1900, pp. 15.

The Fight against Militarism and War

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, p. 340. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 105–6. In German, Protokoll 1900, pp. 27–28. For this book, the first part of the resolution is translated from the German.

Colonial Policy

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, p. 341. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 106–7. In German, Protokoll 1900, pp. 25–26.

Organization of Maritime Workers

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, pp. 341–42. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 107–11. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 29.

Universal Suffrage and Popular Sovereignty

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, p. 342. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 111–12. In German, Protokoll 1900, pp. 29–30.

Municipal Socialism

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, pp. 342–43. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 112–14. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 30.

Socialists in Public Office and Alliances with Bourgeois Parties (Kautsky Resolution)

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, pp. 343–44. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 114–16. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 17.

The First of May

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, p. 344. In French, Compte rendu 1900, p. 116. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 14.

Trusts

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, pp. 344–45. In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 116–18. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 31.

The General Strike

In English, The Social-Democrat (London) 4, no. 11, November 15, 1900, p. 346. In French, Compte rendu 1900, p. 118. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 32.

6. AMSTERDAM CONGRESS OF 1904

Official proceedings: In German, Internationaler Sozialisten-Kongress zu Amsterdam, 14. bis 20. August 1904 (Berlin: Verlag der Expedition der Buchhandlung Vorwärts, 1904), hereafter Protokoll 1904. In French, Sixième congrès socialiste international tenu à Amsterdam du 14 au 20 août 1904 (Brussels: Gand, Imprimerie Coopérative “Volksdrukkerij,” 1904), hereafter Compte rendu 1904. A number of English-language texts can be found in Daniel De Leon, Flashlights of the Amsterdam Congress, 1904 (New York: New York Labor News Company, n.d.), hereafter Flashlights 1904. For the specific resolutions:

On Tactics (Dresden-Amsterdam Resolution)

In English, International Socialist Review 5, no. 3, September 1904, pp. 170–71. Also, Flashlights 1904, pp. 96–97. In German, Protokoll 1904, pp. 31–32. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp 114–67.

Party Unity

In English, International Socialist Review 5, no. 4, October 1904, p. 231. Also, Flashlights 1904, pp. 102–3. In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 32. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 112–13.

The General Strike

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. Also, Flashlights 1904, pp. 98–99. In German, Protokoll 1904, pp. 24–25. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 45–46.

The First of May

In English, International Socialist Review 5, no. 4, October 1904, pp. 231–32. In German, Protokoll 1904, pp. 53–54. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 126.

Workers’ Insurance

In English, International Socialist Review 5, no. 3, September 1904, pp. 171–72. In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 15. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 29–30.

Trusts

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. Also, International Socialist Review 5, no. 4, October 1904, p. 232. In German, Protokoll 1904, pp. 54–55. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 124–25.

Colonial Policy

In English, The Comrade 13, no. 13, October 1904, p. 271. In German, Protokoll 1904, pp. 23–24. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 42–43.

On British India

In English, The Comrade 3, no. 13, October 1904, p. 271. Also, International Socialist Review 5, no. 3, September 1904, p. 174. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1904, pp. 19–20. In French, Compte rendu 1904, p. 36.

Support for Miners of Colorado

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 13. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 26–27.

Solidarity with Italian Prisoners

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 22. In French, Compte rendu 1904, p. 41.

Universal Women’s Suffrage

In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 54. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 125–26. For this book, translated from the German.

On Hungary

In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 122–23. In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 53. For this book, translated from the French.

The Russo-Japanese War

In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 10. In French, Compte rendu 1904, p. 23. For this book, translated from the French.

Anti-Semitic Persecution in Russia

For this book, translated from the Yiddish. In Moshe Rafes and Avraham Kirzshnits, eds., Der Yidisher arbetyer, vol. 2, pt. 1 (Moscow 1925), p. 100. Support for Russian Proletariat In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 50. In French, Compte rendu 1904, p. 117. For this book, translated from the French.

7. STUTTGART CONGRESS OF 1907

Official proceedings: In German, Internationaler Sozialisten-Kongress, Stuttgart 1907, vom 18. bis 24. August 1907 (Berlin: Verlag Buchhandlung Vorwärts, 1907), hereafter Protokoll 1907. In French, VIIe Congrès Socialiste International tenu à Stuttgart du 16 au 24 août 1907 (Brussels: Imprimerie-Lithographie Veuve Désiré Brismée, 1908), hereafter Compte rendu 1907. Draft resolutions published by International Socialist Bureau: Propositions et projets de résolutions avec rapports explicatifs présentés au Congrès socialiste international de Stuttgart (18–24 août 1907) / Anträge und Beschlussentwürfe nebst Begründungen an den Internationalen Sozialistischen Kongress zu Stuttgart (18–24 August 1907) / Proposals and Drafts of Resolutions with Explanatory Reports Submitted to the International Socialist Congress of Stuttgart (18–24 August 1907). Hereafter Propositions 1907. For the specific resolutions:

Rules for International Congresses and the International Socialist Bureau

In English, Propositions 1907, pp. 397–400. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 415–17. In German Propositions 1907, pp. 196–97.

Statutes of the Interparliamentary Commission

In English, Propositions 1907, pp. 401–3. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 418–20. In German, Propositions 1907, pp. 197–99.

Militarism and International Conflicts

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. Also, International Socialist Review 8, no. 3, September 1907, pp. 135–37. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 421–24. In German, Protokoll 1907, pp. 64–66.

The Relations between Trade Unions and Socialist Parties In English, International Socialist Review 8, no. 3, September 1907, pp. 138–39. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 424–26. In German, Protokoll 1907, pp. 50–51.

The Colonial Question

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 426–28. In German, Protokoll 1907, pp. 39–40.

Immigration and Emigration of Workers

In English, International Socialist Review 8, no. 3, September 1907, pp. 139–41. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 428–31. In German, Protokoll 1907, pp. 58–59.

Women’s Suffrage

In English, International Socialist Review 8, no. 3, September 1907, p. 142. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 431–32. In German, Protokoll 1907, p. 40.

On Romania

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 432–33. In German, Protokoll 1907, p. 71.

Greetings to Revolutionaries of Russia

In French, Compte rendu 1907, p. 434. In German, Protokoll 1907, p. 71. For this book, translated from the French.

On Morocco

In French, Compte rendu 1907, p. 434. In German, Protokoll 1907, p. 72. For this book, translated from the French.

The Trial of the American Miners

In French, Compte rendu 1907, p. 435. In German, Protokoll 1907, p. 72. For this book, translated from the French.

8. COPENHAGEN CONGRESS OF 1910

Official proceedings: In French, Huitième congrès socialiste international tenu à Copenhague du 28 août au 3 septembre 1910 (Brussels: Gand, Soc. Coop. “Volksdrukkerij”), hereafter Compte rendu 1910. In German, Internationaler Sozialisten-Kongress zu Kopenhagen 28. August bis 3. September 1910 (Berlin: Verlag Buchhandlung Vorwärts, 1910), hereafter Protokoll 1910. In English most resolutions were published in International Socialist Congress 1910 (Chicago: H. G. Adair printing, n.d.). For the specific resolutions:

The Unemployment Question

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 4. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 461–62. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 56–57.

The Death Penalty

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, pp. 4–5. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 462–65. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 16–17.

Party Unity

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 7. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, p. 462. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 16.

War and Militarism

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, pp. 10–11. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 471–75. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 34–35.

On the Hardie-Vaillant Amendment

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 11. In French, Compte rendu 1910, p. 475. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 35.

Carrying Out International Resolutions

In French, Compte rendu 1910, p. 475. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 105. For this volume, translated from the French.

Trade Union Unity

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 12. In French, Compte rendu 1910, p. 476. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 44.

International Solidarity

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, pp. 12–13. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 476–79. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 51–52.

Labor Legislation

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 14. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 479–81. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 56–57.

The Right of Asylum

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 15. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 483–84. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 61.

On Cooperatives and Cooperation

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 15–16. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 481–83. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 63–64.

On Japan

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 7. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 466–67. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 18.

On Argentina

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 465–66. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 17–18.

The Situation in Turkey

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 7. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, p. 468. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 19–20.

On Spain

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 8. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, p. 467. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 19.

On Persia

In English International Socialist Congress 1910, p. 8. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 470–71. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 20.

On Finland

In English, International Socialist Congress 1910, pp. 8–9. Also, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 468–70. In German, Protokoll 1910, pp. 18–19.

On Morocco

In French, Compte rendu 1910, pp. 484–85. In German, Protokoll 1910, p. 62. For this book, translated from the French.

9. BASEL CONGRESS OF 1912

Official proceedings. In German, Ausserordentlicher Internationaler Sozialisten-Kongress zu Basel am 24. und 25. November 1912 (Berlin: Verlag Buchhandlung Vorwärts Paul Singer, 1912), hereafter Protokoll 1912. In French, Compte rendu analytique du congrès socialiste international extraordinaire tenu à Bâle les 24 et 25 novembre 1912, in Bulletin Périodique du Bureau Socialiste International, no. 10, n.d., hereafter Compte rendu 1912.

The Basel Manifesto on War and Militarism

In English, from Bulletin Périodique du Bureau Socialiste International, no. 10, pp. 9–12. In French, Compte rendu 1912, pp. 9–12. In German, Protokoll 1912, pp. 23–27.

APPENDIXES

Dutch Resolution on General Strike against War (1891)

In English, French, and German, Second International Archives, IISG.

French General Strike Resolution (1896)

In English, Full Report of the Proceedings of the International Workers’ Congress. London, July and August, 1896 (London, “The Labour Leader,” 1896), p. 36. In English and French, Second International Archives, IISG.

Guesde-Ferri Resolution (1900)

In French, Compte rendu 1900, pp. 81–82. In German, Protokoll 1900, p. 19. For this book, translated from the French.

Adler-Vandervelde Resolution (1904)

In English: De Leon, Flashlights 1904, p. 98. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 113–14. In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 63.

Majority Immigration Resolution (1904) In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 118–19. In German, Protokoll 1904, pp. 50–51. For this book, translated from the French.

Minority Immigration Resolution (1904)

In English, Flashlights 1904, pp. 101–2. In German, Protokoll 1904, p. 51. In French, Compte rendu 1904, pp. 119–20.

Dutch Colonial Resolution (1904)

In International Socialist Bureau, Internationales Sozialistisches Kongress / Congr.s socialiste international / International Socialist Congress. Amsterdam 1904. Resolutionen / Résolutions / Resolutions (Brussels, 1904): German, pp. 5–7; French, pp. 26–28; English, pp. 45–47.

Colonial Commission Majority Resolution (1907)

In English, Second International Archives, IISG. In French, Compte rendu 1907, pp. 227–28. In German, Protokoll 1907, p. 112.

American SP Resolution on Immigration (1907)

In English, Propositions 1907, pp. 557–58. In German, Propositions 1907, pp. 370–73. In French: Compte rendu 1907, pp. 230–31.

Luxemburg-Lenin-Martov Amendments to Militarism Resolution (1907)

In John Riddell, ed., Lenin’s Struggle for a Revolutionary International (New York: Pathfinder Press, 1984), pp. 33–35.

Lenin’s Resolution on Cooperatives (1910)

In Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 16, pp. 278–79.